Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a vital skill that can save lives in emergencies such as cardiac arrest or respiratory distress. To administer CPR in adults requires knowledge of the correct technique and quick action.
Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to perform CPR effectively on adults, along with essential tips for bystanders and caregivers.
1. Assess the Situation
Before starting CPR, ensure the scene is safe for both you and the victim. Tap the victim and shout loudly to check for responsiveness.
If the victim is unresponsive and not breathing normally, immediately proceed with CPR.
2. Call for Help
If someone else is present, instruct them to call emergency services (or 911) while you begin CPR. If you’re alone, perform CPR for about two minutes before calling for help.
3. Positioning
Place the victim on their back on a firm surface, such as the ground or floor. Ensure the area is clear of any obstructions. Tilt the victim’s head back slightly to open the airway.
4. Chest Compressions
Position yourself at the victim’s side. Place the heel of one hand on the center of the victim’s chest, between the nipples.
Place your other hand on top of the first hand. Use your body weight to push down firmly on the chest, compressing it about 2 inches deep. Perform compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute.
5. Rescue Breaths
After 30 chest compressions, give two rescue breaths. Pinch the victim’s nose shut and cover their mouth with yours.
Give a breath lasting about one second, watching for the chest to rise with each breath.
6. Repeat Cycle
Continue cycles of 30 chest compressions followed by two rescue breaths until emergency help arrives or the victim starts breathing normally.
Learning how to administer CPR in adults can make a difference between life and death in an emergency.
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